I think I need to address one strong
criticism underlying everything I've said about “El Tabador,”
namely, that it may be unfair to characterize a portrayal of Mexican
culture as more broadly Hispanic. In reality, Latin American cultures
are diverse, and many would perhaps be shocked to be included in a
criticism of a Mexican cartoon character by Telus. There are
significant divergences, for example, between Mexican and Guatemalan
cultures. As far as I know, there are no professional wrestler's of
the type “El Tabador” represents in Guatemala, at least they're
not well-known in popular culture. The national music for the former
is represented by the xylophone, whereas Mexicans are known for their
mariachi. The traditional dress of Mayan peoples is
quite distinct in their colours between themselves, let alone
compared to national cultural representations in Mexico (for
instance, a tall sombrero). Though it's difficult to describe, a
Guatemalan accent is also much different from a Mexican, especially taking
into account the many Mayan languages spoken throughout Guatemala.
Mexican food is a bit different too. Guatemalan cuisine consists much more
than Mexico of beans, small tortillas, plantains, stews, and tamales
and paches on special occasions. Of course, that's not an exhaustive
list of every difference, and certainly with a little investigation
you could find similar differences between countries in South America
and the rest of Central America and Mexico.
Nevertheless, there are things that
unite Latin Americans both as people with the same history and in the
effect advertisements have using any Spanish-Speaking people. If
Galeano is right in his description of Latin America, as a cultural
group, Latin Americans have been exploited to make other nations
developed and wealthy. For instance, though certainly the Incan
empire was culturally different than the Aztec, both were conquered
by the Spanish and other nations in Europe for the sake of the same
ends. As nations today, all of Latin America also remains the source
of wealth for what we think of the first world, through debt and
poorly paid labour in plantations, sweat-shops, and factories. Most
Latin Americans share a common language as well, which despite being
spoken differently is the same in most nations. When immigrants from
these places find themselves in Europe or North America, it's these
very similarities and their experience as Latin Americans that helps
them work together in Hispanic communities to integrate into a
foreign culture. An amiability within Hispanic culture is also
usually known to every member, something which they immediately
recognize when meeting people from a diversity of Latin American
societies.
Advertisements that use any Hispanic
character have a way of trivializing all of this through their
manipulation of human nature. As Hume put it, we are creatures that
look for general patterns. We think after seeing different things
several times over that they are the same and will be the same way in
the future. In other words, we draw general principles from our
limited everyday experience. Advertisers know this profoundly well,
which is why they use our natural predisposition to sell phone services. So
though certainly people through their everyday experience will
understand the differences among Latin Americans and question being
grouped together into Mexican culture, our nature as inductive beings
and the actual commonalities among Hispanics can induce others to
think of Mexicans and Guatemalans in the exact same way. More
specifically, after seeing an advertisement for Koodo and meeting a
person from any country in Latin America with a thick Spanish accent,
I might think that the person is kind of like the person who has been
represented on television and Internet. That's both a problem for
those who understand Hispanics are different and a tremendous benefit
for those who want to use those commonalities to sell products.
If this is true, I'm not suggesting
that all Hispanics are the same way. I'm suggesting that though “El
Tabador” has one nationality, the effect is that it may be seen as
representing all Latin American people. Advertisers do this through
the portrayal of the character as having a heavy Spanish accent and
Hispanic name. In fact, these characteristics alone can be so
powerful in the context of inequality that they easily conjure
stereotypes of incompetence and silliness, especially when the
character himself is being ridiculed by circumstances. All of this is
reason enough why any Latin American should be concerned with “El
Tabador.” You don't need to be specifically Mexican to be offended.